VC-Vital capacity the largest volume measured on complete exhalation after full inspiration. TLC-Total lung capacity the volume of air in the lungs at maximal inflation. IC-Inspiratory capacity the maximal volume of air that can be inhaled from the resting expiratory level. V T -Tidal volume the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during each respiratory cycle.įRC-Functional residual capacity the volume of air in the lungs at resting end-expiration. RV-Residual volume the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. IRV-Inspiratory reserve volume the maximal volume of air inhaled from end-inspiration. These tests can further define lung processes but require more sophisticated equipment and expertise available only in a pulmonary function laboratory.įVC-Forced vital capacity the total volume of air that can be exhaled during a maximal forced expiration effort.įEV 1-Forced expiratory volume in one second the volume of air exhaled in the first second under force after a maximal inhalation.įEV 1/ FVC ratio-The percentage of the FVC expired in one second.įEV 6 -Forced expiratory volume in six seconds.įEF 25–75%-Forced expiratory flow over the middle one half of the FVC the average flow from the point at which 25 percent of the FVC has been exhaled to the point at which 75 percent of the FVC has been exhaled.ĮRV-Expiratory reserve volume the maximal volume of air exhaled from end-expiration. In some patients, additional tests such as static lung volumes, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, and bronchodilator challenge testing are needed. If a ventilatory pattern is identified, its severity is graded. Next, the determination of an obstructive or restrictive ventilatory patten is made. The first step is determining the validity of the test. A simplified and stepwise method is key to interpreting spirometry. However, interpreting spirometry results can be challenging because the quality of the test is largely dependent on patient effort and cooperation, and the interpreter's knowledge of appropriate reference values. Mean tidal volume for males is 38.9 mL and mean tidal volume for females is 46 mL. Technology advancements have made spirometry much more reliable and relatively simple to incorporate into a routine office visit. Tidal volume, respiratory rate, and minute volume in the unanesthetized rhesus macaque is similar to that reported for other primate species 48.There are some differences in pulmonary mechanics between males and females. Spirometry is a powerful tool that can be used to detect, follow, and manage patients with lung disorders.
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